Is Facebook better than twitter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is Facebook better than twitter - Essay Example As a social network, Facebook proves to be more versatile and flexible to use. According to Yagaswara (2010), people are able to upload pictures, games, videos and various apps to their profile. On the other hand, Twitter is a platform for texts with so much sharing of links. Facebook, because of its simplicity, tend to be more active since it has implemented more tools to ensure the public enjoy the services such as the new Facebook Mobile Interface. Twitter, on the other hand, has made efforts to become more versatile as seen with some services such as the ability to link your account to services such as LinkedIn. Twitter also counters Facebook option of sharing pictures using the Twitpic application that allows people to share pictures. Facebook and Twitter social networks are the most used social networks as compared to other services such as MySpace and LinkedIn. Facebook was launched in 2004 while Twitter was started in 2006. Brock (2011) claims that the key contrast between the two networking platforms is seen in the methods of communication. Facebook seems to be more passive while Twitter seems to have a more active ad involving form of communication where people tend to be more conversational. With Twitter, it always seems like a giant party where people for not know each other but are willing to make friends. On the other hand, Facebook comes out as a wedding reception that is comprised of Family and friends. The main business in Twitter is acknowledging and adding onto what someone has said or shared regardless of how close you are. Contrary, Facebook depends on the relationship with your friends. With no friends in Facebook, you can never enjoy the service since the impact is measured with the number of sh ares, likes and comments. Another issue that most people consider when deciding on their ideal social media service is the issue of privacy. Privacy tends to be paramount to the

Introduction to Indigenous Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Introduction to Indigenous Australia - Essay Example The indigenous land rights have gain support from article 1 of the International Bill of Rights. This is the right of people to control their resources and wealth, self determination and maintain their ways of subsistence (Mugambwa, 2003). The Aboriginal land rights movement started out of the equal citizenships and civil rights campaigns, starting from 1920s to 1960s. As the community’s control grew in these civil rights organizations, the fight for the return of the stolen Aboriginal land took a pivotal role in 1960s and early 1970. There were a number of campaigns that shook the Australian community and led to a variety of major developments in the policy. However, funding dependency and the bureaucratization of the Aboriginal services delayed these campaigns early in the 1980s (Edwards, 2001). Australian Aborigines Progressive Association (AAPA) became founded in 1927 by Maynard and Lacey. This was Aboriginal first political party and its formation got stimulated by the re duction in the Aboriginal reserve land, dictatorial practices of Aborigines Board of Protection and a rise in the kidnappings of kids. Maynard declared that the original land owners were the Aboriginal and their rights are above all others. The party has often been regarded as a Christian organization by the Non Aboriginal Australians because of its motto, â€Å"One God, One Aim, and One Destiny† (Lee, 2006). It took about 10 years for success in the campaigns of changing Australian constitution. A referendum became passed in 1967 with more than a 90 percent vote count and became a successful exercise in public education about the Aboriginal, civil rights. The referendum was, however, not about the right to vote, as it became believed, but rather to allow the federal government to provide services and legislate for the Aboriginal people. The federal government power over the states is still a serious issue in the politics of Australia (Edwards, 2001). Meanwhile, a number of t he Aboriginal peoples at Yirkalla, in 1963, gave the Federal Parliament a petition complaining the excision of most of their land to one of the mining companies. They claimed that the land got to be used by the Yirkalla communities for hunting and gathering since time immemorial. The same resistance was also growing in Cape York, a place where the Aurukun and the Mapoon peoples got evicted by the federal government from their land. This was in order to pave the way for aluminum companies. Victoria in 1960 had witnessed a dispute over arranged Lake Tyers closure, under the assimilation policy (Lee, 2006). Laurie Moffat and Doug Nicholls joined the Lake Tyers elders to fight for the community control over the mission. The Victorian government in 1970 handed the Aboriginal people a freehold title to the reserve. Charles Perkins, In 1965 led students in freedom rides around the country, fighting apartheid ways in swimming pools, bars and theatres. In 1966, the people of Gurindji moved o ff the Wave Hill Station over a claim for equal and fair wages from their pastoral company employer, which later turn into a claim for the return of their ancestral land. The Gurindijis gained support both from the Aboriginal and the non Aboriginal organizations, which contributed to the 1960s equal pay cases. The Gurindji claim became partly met 10 years later when the Labor Government gave back some parts of their land. The Larrakia claim

Utilising Health Promotion Models

Utilising Health Promotion Models Health promotion is a new public health initiative which has been integrated into governmental strategies to improve health either within a family, a community, health institutions and work places. It refers to effort to prevent ill health and promote positive health with the aim of enabling people to take control over their own health (Wills, 2007). This essay primarily seeks to discuss how a health promotion model could be utilised by nurse practitioners to facilitate an empowerment within a family unit. Health action model (HAM) will be adapted to develop a means by which the said patients could be helped by the nurse practitioner. The essay begins with a general overview and literature about what health and health promotion is about, and then narrows the discussion down to the health promotion model which will be used to assess a patient named Jojo (See Appendix 1 for patient profile). The essay then concludes by evaluating the model used in assessing the patient and if any othe r model could be used to assess the patient or not. DEFINITION OF HEALTH According to the World Health Organisation (WHO)(1986), health is defined as a condition of complete social, physical and mental well being of a person and not purely the absence of disease or infirmity. This when elaborated could mean that both positive and negative aspects of well being and health, which stressed on social and mental aspects of health, though not just illness related. Waxman et al., ( 1998) even emphasised that physical , social and mental aspect of health are connected. There are several factors to determine health including social factors, gender, education, environment, biological factors and lifestyle. According to some scholars like Skolnik (2008) describes social factors as an essential factors that determine the health of individuals. Based on his view, there is a great difference between people of higher status to that of those of a lower status. This is because those with a higher status are well educated, well employed and earning a lot and also taking ca re of their health. This when compared to those with a lower status, it is the opposite of those with a higher status. For instance, someone on a low income may find it difficult to afford some of the necessary needed in order to live a normal life like keeping the house warm or replacement of faulty stuff in the house (Anderson and Blenkinsopp, 2001). Moreover, those who are better off do not buy form local shops at expensive prices but rather do travel for miles to bigger supermarkets to shop. This is because things sold at the supermarkets are of a cheaper price and of more quality than those in local shops. The other side of the story is that, the better off do not depend on public transports to travel for miles to shop whilst those on a low income always do so. So if the bus does not turn up, they have to go to these local shops to but their foodstuff (Anderson and Blenkinsopp, 2001). SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS The ideas of (Skolnik, 2008, Anderson and Blenkinsopp, 2001) can be supported by (Shi et al, 2008). Shi et al., (2008) suggest that socioeconomic also plays a significant role in peoples live. That is those who are well off tend to live in better houses and in locations where there is the risk of being exposed to air pollution is low, have better access to health care, avoid risk lifestyles such as smoking and drinking as well as using of drugs. Building on with their argument, it was proved that the correlation and status concerning the health of Americans who are less educated died younger than those highly educated as described by (Shi et al, 2008). In addition to this, those who are more educated tend to have much knowledge about their health as well as practising good health. That is, they are equipped with knowledge as well being in charge over their lives knowing what is and not good for them. This also helps them to have loads of information which will help them understand how to live a healthy life. For instance (Skolnik, 2008) said that a person who is well educated will adapt a good lifestyle in order to remain healthy such as having a well balance diet, having fewer children and smoke less as weigh against those who are less educated. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS The environment also acts as an important factor that influences the health of people that includes a mixture of different factors altogether (Anderson and Blenkinsopp, 2001). Shi et al., (2008) argued that physical, socioeconomic, socio-political and sociocultural are what the environmental factors are made up of. For instance, physical environmental factors are important factors which influence health. This includes food, contaminated water, waste, air pollution, and habitat alteration that can cause different health problems. For example living in a smoky environment can cause respiratory illness such as asthma. The contribution of (Carter and Slack, 2009) described the interaction of a persons environment as having both negative and positive effects on them. That is a person living in an environment where there is access to health care, good drinking water, less risk of environmental pollution and radiation leads to good health with a positive effect as an outcome. On the other side, those living in environments where there is a poor access to healthcare, drinking contaminated water, exposure to environmental pollution and radiation lead to a bad health which is exactly the opposite of those living in good environment as said by (Carter and Slack, 2009). BIOLOGICAL FACTORS Furthermore, (Kozier et al, 2008) said that some of the biological factors that influence health are genetic makeup, age, sex and developmental level. In terms of genetic makeup, it can have an effect on the persons intellectual stage or activities and innate personality. This also can have negative features on a peoples health whereby they are prone to susceptible to particular diseases. Nevertheless, it was made known that people who are more susceptible to genetic diseases are mostly much greater in parents from the same ethnic genetic pool as said by (Kozier et al, 2008). For example in a family where there is a history of asthma or heart disease will by all means affect the other generations of that family. GENDER As stated by (Naidoo and Wills, 2009), gender also accounts for the factors which influences health. That is, women are more likely to report illness that men because most of these women are unlikely to be in full time employment. Women on the on the other side of the story tend to have more access to health care because they are anxious about their health and always want to stay healthy as compared to men whereas they only take less advantage of their health. According to biological explanations, women are more prone to infections and do gain from the protective effect of oestrogen that decreases the death rate of such infection in them. More so, it was further explained by the biological explanations that the female hormones and the reproductive system causes women to be responsible for both physical and mental health illness as described by (Naidoo and Wills, 2009). LIFESTYLE Kozier et al., (2008) argued that lifestyle also acts as a factor that influences the health of people which however does have both negative and positive result on the individual concerning their choice of living. This includes individuals having control over their lives in association to their behaviour or activities that involves living condition and sociocultural factors. For instance, eating healthily will help individual with their weight management even when they get older. Another example is how exercising is of a great benefit to the body. This is because exercise help decrease the risk of developing stroke, heart disease, prevents fractures and weak bones and also maintaining flexibility in the joints. This was further explained in terms of spiritual and religious beliefs as having impact on peoples life. For instance, (Kozier et al, 2008) gave a typical example in relation to the donation of blood by members of the Jehovah witnesses. This group of people avoids the donation of blood which is also against their beliefs because it is not written in the bible. DEFINITION OF HEALTH PROMOTION TALK ABOUT EDUCATION, TRAINING AND COUNSELING AS THE NURSES ROLE IN HEALTH PROMOTION Health promotion is defined as ways of allowing individuals to enhance control over their health as well as to improve it as defined by (WHO, 1986). It encompass various approaches including bio- medical, behavioural / life style and socio- environmental. Though critics have argued that behaviour / life style approach have various limitations including expect- led which is a top- down approach. For example the nurse led approach to the patient. Regardless of the above mention, Jackson (2007) states that the role of the nurse in health promotion is very essential because it lays emphasis on how the health care and the service provided are viewed. In terms of promoting health, it involves the nurse spending time to listen and to talk to their clients or patients. This involves taking the needs of their clients or patients into consideration using high level of communication skills. Ewles and Simnett (2003) said that through effective listening, the health promoter can help people to speak out their point of view as well indicating their needs and how they feel. This will enable them believe that they are being listened to. Effective listening is an important aspect of communication in terms of health promotion which includes eye contact, facial expression, posture or gesture indicating the feelings of clients. This helps the nurses to listen to their clients carefully without disruption. Through listening, the nurses are able to capture majority of what the clients have said. This enables them to confidently ask lots of open ended questions in order to demonstrate to them that they are being listened to as stated by Morrison and Burnard (1997). An example is a client not wanting to speak to the nurse attending to him because of the disease he has been diagnosed of. Through sympathizing and listening, the client will gain the confidence to speak to the nurse regarding his condition. Jackson (2007) again outlined that through health promotion, the clients are involved in making decision concerning their own health care. This is also a client centred which is based on the assessment of the needs of the clients by taking their point of view into consideration as well as valuing them. Moreover, Rose (2006) states that knowledge is being increased through health promotion which helps people change their behaviour. This is because each individual is responsible and making choices about their health without taking factors that may have influence on them such as socioeconomic factors. Hence, through health promotion, the nurse as a health promoter will give much information to the client in the form of leaflet and using different resources such as information from trusted web sites to educate the patient or client by talking it through with them or one to one basic in the form of counselling (Neis and McEwen, 2001). The client or patient together with his or her family will gain the knowledge about what they are being told which will lead them in making the choices about their health. For example, the nurse advising clients about healthy eating such as eating five a day and its benefit or the side effect of overeating, smoking and drinking. So after giving them all th ese information it is in the own interest of the client to either adopt a healthy lifestyle or not. It is the responsibility of the nurse practitioner as a health promoter or educator to form of a therapeutic or beneficial relationship between the nurse, community individuals and their families. Through this therapeutic relationship, the nurse is able to develop ideas, other nursing interventions and resources which will help facilitate empowerment (Neis and McEwen, 2001). For example, before a nurse can persuade a client to quit smoking, she must know what the effect of smoking is and explaining it to the clients in a simplify language with confidence. Advocacy is also an essential aspect of health promotion. This is where the nurse practitioner helps people especially vulnerable people who are disempowered within the society that cannot speak for themselves because of their disability or illness makes choices for their health. This is done via taking possible measures to help them become self empowered and independent (Elwles and Simnett, 2003). INTRODUCTION OF THE MODEL Narayan-Parker (2002) defines empowerment as shaping of peoples life through the enlargement of liberty of choice and action. There are two types of empowerment which are self empowerment and community empowerment. The self empowerment in terms of health promotion is based on counselling which includes non-directive measures and is a client centred approach with the goal of enabling people to be the controllers of their lives at a higher level. (MOVE THIS PARAGRAPH) There are lots of health promotion models but because of Jojos condition, the HAM developed by Tones in the 1970s will be used to assess Jojo falls under behavioural change model will be used to assess him. The behavioural change model recognises health as a possession of the individual being in charge of it by adopting the kind of lifestyle that they want to in order to maintain it. This is because the aim of this particular model is to persuade people to change their behaviour by adapting a better lifestyle which will help maintain their health as described by (Naidoo and Wills, 2009). The HAM as stated by (Squire, 2002) gives an idea as to why some people decide to change to healthier lifestyle whilst others may not by emphasising on the self concept of the individuals. The self concept includes self esteem which is how people feel about themselves and self image which is how they perceive themselves to be. (REF). Squire (2002) made it known that people with a high level of self e steem and self image are persuaded or enthused to adopt a healthier lifestyle. On the other side of the story, those with a low level of self concept may feel that they are less likely to adopt such lifestyle with no hope of doing so because they believe that they are not in control of their life but rather controlled by fate, chance or luck as described by (Squire, 2002). The HAM has identified different factors that influence the ability of people to change to a healthier lifestyle. These include psychological, social and environmental factor which indicates the likelihood of a person to change his or her behaviour by putting them into practice. However, there are other manipulating relating factors such as beliefs, motivation, normative and the self that works together to indicate the possibility of a persons intention of changing his or her health lifestyle (Green and Tones, 2010). The four manipulating factors which are beliefs, motivation, normative and the self factors will be elaborated on to access Jojo and his family. INTRODUCTION OF PATIENT, Upon using the Body Mass Index (BMI) calculation on my Jojo during a clinical practice as a student nurse, it was deduced that Jojo is overweight. Several questions were asked to ascertain the causes of his overweight. It was however noticed that, family lifestyle could play an important role in Jojo being obese. As a student nurse practitioner, it is therefore vital to promote initiatives that could help Jojo and his entire family to adapt good healthy practices. Various models do exist in health promotion to effect behaviour change (Naidoo and Wills 2000). In practical terms, any model for desired change must indicate what they are doing, why they are doing it, how they going to do it, its outcome and its side effects. Obesity is affecting not only developed countries but that of developing countries which has been a global concern and posses a great challenge to medical practitioners (Jackson-Leach and Lobstein, 2006). It is real that human beings cannot live without food, it is therefore essential to understand the effects that food has on the body of humans and knowing how to keep the body in a good health by eating a balanced diet. It is also essential to give the body whatever it needs knowing that the body needs nutrients to grow. It should be borne in mind that the choices of food have a long term effect or impact on the body. Eating a healthy diet can reduce the risk of illness such as obesity (Bupa, 2008). This is because most problems encountered by health practitioners is that of obesity especially in children leading to a negative effect in adulthood if the necessary means are not taken to prevent it from the onset. Childhood obesity is a condition where excess body fat negatively affects a childs health or wellbeing. (Wang, 2001). As stated earlier, obesity in childhood can lead to many other health complications that may even tend to indicate that that child will be obese later in adulthood. The techniques to determine body fats directly are difficult, though diagnosis of obesity is often based on Body Mass Index (BMI) (Hesketh, 2005). Due to the rising prevalence of obesity in children and its many adverse health effects it is being recognized as a serious public health concern. The term overweight rather than obese is often used in children as it is less stigmatizing. Obesity increases the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes which is normally a disease seen in later life in adults. However, increasingly children in their teens are presenting with type 2 diabetes as a consequence of being obese. There are also marked psychological effects leading to low self-esteem which is how they feel about themselves. (Shahar, 2005) In the UK, around 27 per cent of children are now overweight and research suggests the main problem is a continual reduction in the amount of exercise children take. Many overweight children have overweight parents which is often a matter of family lifestyles (Shaya, 2008). Statistics do specify that there was 5.9% increase in obesity among children between the ages of 2 and 10 years from 1995 to 2002 (Department of Health, 2004). The trend of child obesity prevalence in the UK keeps increasing yearly. To effect a change therefore requires effective intervention based on evidence. Evidence based practice in recent times has attracted the attention of medical professionals as well as other health care practitioners about how the rate of obesity is increasing especially in children(Daly et al, 2007). Since the three system stated in HAM which are the beliefs system, motivation system and the normative are dimensionally linked together, each of these factors will first be defined before using it to access the patient and his family. The normative system described by (Green and Tones, 2000) is an influence by peoples expectation that leads others to act in agreement to the perception of others so that they would be liked by them. For example, This assignment has adapted behavioural change model to empower Jojo and his family to change their attitudes, beliefs and behaviour on their family lifestyle .Though, the theory of planned behaviour suggests that, the intention to perform a certain behaviour is influenced by the risks and rewards associated with that choice (Corcoran, 2007). This will be discussed in three sections which may be interconnected as described in HAM namely normative, cognitive and motivational system. CON + INTER Literature suggests that initiatives or interventions must acknowledge the needs of people and create a supportive and working environment which will aid an integration of their daily activities (Baric 1994) to influence behaviour change. Though, one way to promote health is to change behaviour by modifying individuals knowledge, beliefs and attitudes. However an increase in the knowledge acquired may not necessarily lead to behaviour change (Bandura, 2004).In behaviour change, the choice is with the individual (Corcoran, 2007), but Norms + INTER it can be facilitated by positive agents of behaviour change or influential people such as parents, teachers and etc, who may act as agents for behavioural change, influencing norms or customs usually as a result of direct exchanges and discussions (Turner, 1999). According to the conceptual theory, behaviour change like modifying knowledge works better when used in combination with other approaches such as empowerment and other factors (Pajares, 2004). Motivation Therefore positive agents when empowered might dispose high initiatives and exceptional interpersonal skills to enable them reach out to others (Turner, 1999). In Jojo case, the family will be empowered via training on healthy eating, habits, exercises and other skills which will help them achieve the planned goals. Management and intervention of obesity(talk abt what schools can do, change individual levels) Schools EVALUATION OF THE MODEL The evaluation of the HAM will be embarked on after the management and intervention which is concerned with a long term change. Hence, evaluation of this model will be the right of measuring the outcome of the interventions. As described by (Naidoo and Wills, 2000) it is hard to point out the long term outcomes to one intervention or model that adopts the behavioural change model. On the other hand, interventions applied by single organisations often affect the long term change because these interventions need to rely on many organisations in order to achieve something at a higher standard. Nevertheless, the nurse practitioner will work in collaboration with different organisations in order to help individuals change their lifestyle for a better outcome such as the school, dietician, social service, Due to Jojos condition and the familys situation, the nurse practitioner will have to assess Jojo using the HAM but must have to take into consideration some of the factors that may act as modifying factors. For example, peers pressure may act as an agent to undertake unhealthy diet and other perceived barriers such as lack of money or not having the time. Therefore, the nurse practitioner will be accountable for providing a program that will help overcome these factors because if the perceived barriers are not dealt with, then the participation will be less. However, to evaluate the HAM used to assessed Jojo, three types of the evaluation methods will be used namely process evaluation (i.e formative evaluation. The way things are done, monitoring of progress during program), impact evaluation (short term outcome, the impact of the intervention on the audience. Eg. Comments from the audience, peer group) and outcomes evaluation (i.e summative evaluation, measurement of challenge at the end of the program, measure the consequences, the long term effect of the intervention) The belief system is where the individuals belief that he or she is at risk of a particular condition and suspecting it as real. Becker (1974) a health belief model made it known that demographic variables such as susceptibility, seriousness, cost, benefits and cue to action are taken into consideration for behaviour changes. That is people are persuaded by the way they see themselves in such situation either it is a demand for them to fight or flight or an illness as well as how severe that situation is. More so, (Green and Tones, 2010) state that there is a relations between the belief and motivational system whereas beliefs are referred to as cognitive and how people make their own judgement about how an event is likely to happen which is known as the subjective probabilities. Apparently, Jojo is aware that his dad died of high blood pressure with obesity as being the cause. Now that Jojo himself is overweight and knowing that his life too is at risk and if such measures are not taken to help him changed to a better lifestyle, something different will come up. Looking at all these episodes surrounding his life, he will be tasked by these challenging beliefs to change to a healthy lifestyle. His mum on the side will also encourage him to change his eating habit and not Jojo alone will she encourage but the rest of her children as well. Nevertheless, the belief of an event likely to take place will cause the emotional state of the individuals or to give rise to the persons attitude of adhering to a particular action (Green and Tones, 2010). That is people with optimistic attitudes see both behavioural control and normative pressure above their behaviour will enable them to adopt a strong intention to change their behaviour. ( Fishbein and Ajzen 1975) The belief system will have effect on the persons self concept for taking such an action will all be considered by the person. This is because self concept links to the beliefs system indicating how people develop broad analysis about themselves. This includes their temperament, attitudes, abilities and beliefs. This is related to how people say and do and the way they understand feedbacks given to them by others (Plummer, 2005). This belief system will not only affect the persons self concept only but also on the self efficacy. This is described by the social cognitive theorist (Bandura, 1997) as ones ability to carry out a task in a way that will lead to a particular goal. Powell (2005) said that people build up self esteem as they grow older. Hence, self esteem is described as how people feel or perceive themselves which includes their way of looking, abilities to do things and relationships with others (Powell, 2005). Therefore, people with a high self esteem perceive and belief themselves to be important, worthy and feeling good about themselves with a positive self appraisal as stated by (Kasser, 2002). On the side of the story, how people feel about themselves can lead to poor coping of such demand. This is because (Kaaser, 2002) states that people with a low self esteem feel being unwanted, unloved, worthless, neglected and belittled. Furthermore, because Jojo is aware that he is overweight and in the position to change to a healthier lifestyle, his attitude towards that will lead to a strong emotional state that will empower him to adapt to that change as well as coming with a positive outcome. In Jojos case, It is suggested that people who have a strong and a permanent objective to change to a particular behaviour are motivated to take actions based on their intentions to do so. On the other hand, it was also manifested that though some individuals are extremely serious to change their behaviour, their intention to do so are not that strong to enable them fulfil that action. This is because for any action to be fulfilled, other factors act in association with it such as beliefs and poor emotional state which always make it difficult for some people to achieve the targeted action (Ajzen, 2005). Since Jojo is obese and is highly motivated to lose weight, the intention to do so must be in the form of meticulous information of how to put that intended action into practice. For example, the planning of this should include how to go about it like when to exercise or the quantity of food to be eaten daily and the variety. Other intended actions to be taken include walking to school instead of taking the bus. This on the other side will take time for him to get there thereby leading to a poor emotional state which will drive him to get the bus if his intentions are not strong to act on the targeted actions. The community and societal norms also play a major role in shaping the behaviour of people as well as having influence on them especially by those around them such as families, peers and friends. This is because (Anderson, 2004) said that community norms act as persuasive principles that show the actual things to and not to be done by the individuals which influences peoples health leading to a behaviour change. Social norms on the other side as stated by (Shanrma and Malhotra, 2007) helps people to know what acceptable and abnormal behaviours are. This is based an agreed behaviours established by members of that society acting as a strong influence on their social behaviour. Further to this, the theory of planned behaviour suggest that the intention of a person to act on his or her behaviour depends on normative system or beliefs which comprises of peers, parents, societal norms and close friends. Hence, the person wanting to change his or her behaviour will have to belief that these groups of people will agree or disagree with the intended behaviour to be carried out (Ajzen, 2005). It is this group of people which are normally refer to as behaviour change agents. Nevertheless, Tone and Tilford (2001), assertion that the way people view the national norms and their motivation in order to act to these norms will be less likely to be important than the norms or practice of their community and the associate motivation to comply to it. Unequivocally, for Jojo to take up this action, his mother acting as an agent can help persuade him to take up that action regardless of its side effect such as drive, where he will be feeling hungry and will be tempted to eat more to satisfy himself. His peers on the other hand of the story, because Jojo is being bullied by them because he is overweight, that alone will make him feel that he is overweight, which will intend motivate him to change his eating habit leading to a high self efficacy. According to .., those with a high self efficacy are capable of performing a given task such as exercising; dog walking, going to the gym and eating healthily in order to lose weight. However, those with a low self efficacy will be persuade not to take up that action because they feel they cannot make it and do not have the confidence to go about it. This will also lead to a low self esteem which is where that fellow sees or value him or herself to be. That is to be responsible for own feelings or emotions by own values about the self in order to carry out a particular task (Green and Tones, 2010). This could also be linked to the theory of planned behaviour developed by (Fishbein and Ajzen 1975) in association with HAM for behavioural change. On the other side of the story, families, peers, friends and other networks also act as a strong influence on the normative system. MANAGEMENT AND INTERVENTIONS OF OBESITY Various methods and interventions are being used to manage obesity in children. Goldfield and Epstein (2002) said that parents can be used as agents in tackling behaviour change in children. This is because it increases the chances of changing the environment as well as providing them with the necessary supports. This can also be termed as stimulus control whereby parents will be persuaded not to bring such food stuff into the house like foods high in fat or energy dense foods. This will not only help the child that they are trying to change his or her behaviour but also the other family members (Goldfield and Epstein, 2002). Nevertheless, adaptation of dietary intake, increasing physical activities and time spent on inactive behaviour should be reduced which will help prevent individuals from becoming overweight. More so, the amount of time spent watching television should be monitored and parents should see to it that they do not allow their children spend much time watching television as said by (McLennan, 2004). The ideas of (McLennan, 2004) can be supported by the view of (Rippe and Hess, 1998). Rippe and Hess (1998) said that physical activity plays a major role

Wilfred Owen :: essays research papers

Does Owens poetry do more than offer the reader an insight into the horrors of war? Discuss with reference to at least two poems. Wilfred Owen is arguable the greatest of the world war one poets. This is a man who through personal experience offers us not only insight into the astrocities of war but also illustrates the struggle of nature and the mental state these men cross into on the battle field. In ‘Spring Offensive’, Owen mixes the ideas of war and nature in a conversational tone unlike ‘Futility’ in which Owen questions the pointlessness of war and religion in this compact poem. Owen shows us the physical horrors of war very effectively yet his poems stretch beyond that and delve into the unspoken shames where life itself is questioned. Owen’s poem the Spring Offensive explores the unnatural offensive of war against spring or nature. Opening with ‘Halted against the shade of a last hill’ Owen suggests both the calmness of the ‘shade’ and the deadly implication of ‘last’. The horror of war is not only the ‘hot blast and fury of Hells upsurge’ of stanza 6 but also ‘the sun, like a friend with whom their love is done’ of stanza 4. Written in a conversational tone, Spring Offensive illustrates the physical horrors of the men experienced in war as they ‘leapt to swift unseen bullets†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.or plunged and fell away past the world verge.’ The oxymoron in stanza 7 ‘superhuman inhumanities’ , the fantastic acts of horror, implies in war that hero and the devil are one and the same. Yet although Owen gives us insight into such horrors he does much more in his questioning of god and his imagery of nature in projecting the feelings of men at war. As it is said ‘nothing concentrates a mans mind more than his own execution’ ‘to face the stark blank sky beyond the ridge’ suggests the questionable future namely the heavens and god. This imagery is continued in stanza 5 with the double meaning of ‘earth set sudden cups in thousands for their blood which implies not only the literal meaning of the craters but the cup of Christ or religion. Owen suggests that god and nature had set a trap, for just as the soldiers had turned their back on nature and religion so too had god and nature rejected the soldiers. Owen’s imagery of nature is particually imminent in ‘Spring Offensive’. Wilfred Owen :: essays research papers Does Owens poetry do more than offer the reader an insight into the horrors of war? Discuss with reference to at least two poems. Wilfred Owen is arguable the greatest of the world war one poets. This is a man who through personal experience offers us not only insight into the astrocities of war but also illustrates the struggle of nature and the mental state these men cross into on the battle field. In ‘Spring Offensive’, Owen mixes the ideas of war and nature in a conversational tone unlike ‘Futility’ in which Owen questions the pointlessness of war and religion in this compact poem. Owen shows us the physical horrors of war very effectively yet his poems stretch beyond that and delve into the unspoken shames where life itself is questioned. Owen’s poem the Spring Offensive explores the unnatural offensive of war against spring or nature. Opening with ‘Halted against the shade of a last hill’ Owen suggests both the calmness of the ‘shade’ and the deadly implication of ‘last’. The horror of war is not only the ‘hot blast and fury of Hells upsurge’ of stanza 6 but also ‘the sun, like a friend with whom their love is done’ of stanza 4. Written in a conversational tone, Spring Offensive illustrates the physical horrors of the men experienced in war as they ‘leapt to swift unseen bullets†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.or plunged and fell away past the world verge.’ The oxymoron in stanza 7 ‘superhuman inhumanities’ , the fantastic acts of horror, implies in war that hero and the devil are one and the same. Yet although Owen gives us insight into such horrors he does much more in his questioning of god and his imagery of nature in projecting the feelings of men at war. As it is said ‘nothing concentrates a mans mind more than his own execution’ ‘to face the stark blank sky beyond the ridge’ suggests the questionable future namely the heavens and god. This imagery is continued in stanza 5 with the double meaning of ‘earth set sudden cups in thousands for their blood which implies not only the literal meaning of the craters but the cup of Christ or religion. Owen suggests that god and nature had set a trap, for just as the soldiers had turned their back on nature and religion so too had god and nature rejected the soldiers. Owen’s imagery of nature is particually imminent in ‘Spring Offensive’.

Psychosocial Development Essay

The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a personal case study on the developmental transition of a 35-year-old woman from young adulthood into middle adulthood. The transition is examined in the context of Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Development and the Loevinger’s Ego Development. The paper would present her current situation and future plans in accordance to her current developmental level.   TRANSITION TO MIDDLE ADULTHOOD: A PERSONAL CASE STUDY Basically, the goal of the research and study on life-span development is to describe, explain and optimize human development. Human development is interesting and highly varied that it seems at times the topic is inexhaustible. Researchers would like understand more fully human behavior and motivation as it change through age. According to the modern life-span perspective to understand the gravity of these queries one has to remember the following facts about human development. First, development is a life-long process. The life-span perspective is the study of human development from infancy to adulthood. This would include any form of development. Second, development is multidirectional. It involves all aspect of life. We have different priorities at different stages of life, for example a small child might deem it more important to be able to watch his favorite TV show rather than a good education. Third, development involves both gain and lost, to give room to new learning, priorities and experiences (Sigelman & Rider, 2010). Erik Erikson Psychosocial Development Claire is at the middle adulthood stage. By this time she had successfully resolved her concern on isolation. Crystal Miller is married and a mother of a two year old boy and a six year old daughter. She has a loving family. She has peers and friends that appreciates and support her. The middle adulthood stage is primarily characterized as a time when an individual searches for a sense of legacy to family and society. An individual needs to be affirmed of her or potential for contribution to society. Significant internal conflicts may arise pertaining to self-absorption and stagnation. This is the stage of the development where a sense of production and the ability and opportunity to express care to others is most important (Tenant, 2000) Claire aims to provide the kind of family and personal values that she had developed. Although her children are still very young, she want them to develop in an environment that they could free to express themselves learn from their own experiences. The role of mothers in the development is crucial. Early learning of young children can be accredited quality of interaction and care they receive from parents. She wants her children to be able to be become productive members of society. As Tenant (2000) explained it becomes an adamant task is to preserve culture and transmit family values. This may come in the form of establishing stable family or home environment. Strength comes through care of others and production of something that contributes to the betterment of society. This would provide meaning and purpose. Furthermore, the middle adulthood stage, aims to develop a sense of fulfillment in both the professional and personal life. At this stage, profession or work is most crucial. Thus, Erikson asserts through his study the individual in the middle adult stage tend to be focused in finding meaning with their professional life. They would like to view their jobs are more than a means for financial gain; it should have significance and contribution. As parents, they would like to feel that they had helped mold the values system of their children, as well provided for their personal needs. As a co-worker, she would like to be a source of valuable information and help them in own personal endeavors. It also, middle adulthood is when we can expect in control. (Cohen & Reese, 1994) Claire as a registered respiratory therapist and a registered nurse sees her profession as source of personal fulfillment. She had honed her professional skills through 17 years of patient care experience in the field. Field experience in the medical profession is unparalleled, through her interaction with patients and professional she had developed genuine care for patients and professional for the field. She had gained expertise acknowledged by her peers and clients. Thus, when she entered the corporate medical device industry she took the initiative to advocate better deliverance of health care by helping clinician help their patients the base care. She assists executive level from making major financial and technological decisions. It is part of her responsibility to make sure each and every clinician is fully trained on their equipment. Thus, get the full and best use of the equipment to not only benefit the hospital and clinician but also the patients. These efforts, led to the lowering the cost of healthcare is through better patient care by enabling the clinicians to provide the right care at the right time. She acknowledge that she may be luckier than some, because she in a profession that she feels she is making a significant contributions. Being a mother, she personally feels for parents whose children are under medical care due to illness. As, a parent she would like her children to learn any profession can be used to be of service to others. That is important to be in a job you are developed and appreciated. As a spouse, she aims to become her husband’s source of support as he is to her. Considerably, her family is very young and she would like to equip herself with the necessary parental skill that she would need particularly in her children’s adolescents year. At times, though she feels that the demand of family life and professional life is taking a toll of her emotional well-being. She has to sets priorities and often the things she has to give up; working in the medical instrument copy at times requires travel and hours of work. As a mother, there are times that she feels that she should spend more time with her kids. Children tend to grow up really fast. Although, she seems to manage well, this is still this dilemma she often encounters. At this point she had to acknowledge her husband’s part in taking care of the family. It helps to know that she is not alone; learning from other working mothers and how they deal helps her find her own balance. Although she has a long way to go before moving to late adulthood, she would like to make the best of it while she’s here with her family and friends. Significant relationships are within the workplace, the community and the family. Thus, Claire would like to expand her expertise to the community. She plans to get involved in community project pertaining to healthcare. Time can be an issue but she believes that it can be done. Support groups in forms of friends, family and peers can help her resolve internal conflicts and feel more competent in handling all aspects of her life. Loevinger’s Ego Development According to Loevinger’s Ego Development, the ego serves as the master trait of personality with a core organizing function. In a way it neutralizes the demands of the id and the super ego. The ego provides the direction and guidance for both the inner and outer forces (Thorne, 1993). Loevinger presented ego development in nine distinct stages. Most adults can be found from the fifth to the seventh level of ego development (Westenberg, Blasi & Lawrence, 1998). The self-aware stage, the fifth stage is the most common stage among adults in the United States. At this stage there is an increased but limited awareness of deeper issues and the inner lives of themselves and others. A personal introspection of ideas pertaining to religion, morality, mortality, love and relationships as compared to others, somewhat there seems to have resolution. Awareness, acknowledgement and acceptance of others perspective, they are appreciating themselves and others as unique. However this may bring tension between actual to what is expected. In terms what is expected is often a combination of society and the individual’s own definition. This may lead conflicts with family and peers. If let unresolved this may lead to self –criticism. This continues on the sixth stage, the conscientious stage. At this stage, the tendency towards self-evaluation and self-criticism continues. Responsibility, achievement and the pursuit of high ideals and long-term goals are highly valued. Personally-evaluated morality starts to evolve and behavior is guided by self-evaluated standards. It is at this stage as well that, shame arises from not meeting the others’ expectations; guilt arises from not meeting one’s own expectations. In a study conducted by on the personality change in women from College to Midlife. The personality scores of female college seniors studied where first measured in 1958 using the California Psychological Inventory, then again when they were 27 years old, the third time were 43. The results showed that changes in personality were largely consistent with theories of adult development. The study highlighted a major factor, sex role specialization in their late 20s and a decrease in their later years that is accompanied by increases in confidence, dominance, and coping skills. (Helson & Moane, 1986) Claire efforts to achieve professional success rather than simply focusing on her family life would have been frowned upon. Claire own ideals and priorities would have been influenced by the norms of society. The expectation of society on her would had definitely clashed with her endeavor to develop professionally. The change in the perspective of society in the role of women had definitely changed in terms professional and long term goal. However, women are still held more responsible to the welfare of the children and of the family. Often, the dilemma would arise since she is permitted to do both, but she is expected to be a complete success in family life and with her professional life. This may be easier said than done. The only solution, make it both work. She wants to have sense of control over her priorities, goals and resources. Delegation and proper time allocation are some solutions she can think of as a way to resolve some concerns. Van Hiel and Vansteenskist (2009) examined the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic goal attainment on older adults’ ego-integrity, psychological well-being, and death attitudes. Intrinsic goal attainment contributed positively to subjective well-being and ego-integrity and negatively to despair, whereas extrinsic goal attainment was unrelated to psychological health and contributed positively to despair. Intrinsic goal attainment contributed to the acceptance of one’s own death, lower ill-being, and less death anxiety, whereas extrinsic goal attainment was negatively associated with death acceptance. It is argued that the attainment of intrinsic goals is related to better psychological health, because intrinsic goals are more conducive to the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. In summary, Claire plans to revisit her priorities, goals for each aspect of her life. Claire’s intrinsic motivation of becoming a contribution to her family, work and community would provide her with the necessary drive and energy. At the same time, she would like to be realistic in terms of her expectation of herself. She believes she can define her own definition of success. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cohen, S & Reese, H. (1994)Life-span development psychology: methodological contributions. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawerence Earbaum Associates, Inc. Tenant, M. (2000) Psychology and adult learning 2nd edition. New York: Routledge Sigelman, C. K. & Rider, E. (2010) Life-span human development. Cengage Learning. Thorne, A (1993) On conceptualizing loevinger’s stages of ego development. Psychological Inquiry. 4, 1, p. 53-55. Taylor & Francis Ltd. Retrieved at August 20, 2010 at http://www. jstor. org/pss/1449596 Van Hiel, A. & Vansteenskiste, M. (2009) Ambitions Fulfilled the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic goal attainment on older adults’ ego-integrity and death attitudes. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 68, 1, 27-51 Westenberg, P. M. , Blasi, A. & Lawrence, D. C. (1998) Personality development: theoretical, empirical, and clinical investigations of Loevinger’s conception of ego development. Lawrence Mahwah, New Jersey: Erlbaum Associates, Inc. , Publishers Helson, R & Moane, G. (1986) Personality Change in Women From College to Midlife. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1, 176-186.

Shoes footwear

IMC Plan of SHOESIntroduction to the merchandiseShoes is a portion offootwear that is usage to first protect the humanfootand subsequently, to boot, as an point of ornament in itself. The pes contains morebonesthan any other individual portion of thebody. Thedesignof shoes has varied tremendously through clip, and fromcultureto civilization, with visual aspect originally being tied to map. Places have traditionally been made fromleather, woodorcanvas, but now a yearss it is progressively made fromrubber, plastics, and other petrochemical-derived stuffs.Types of Places: –Dress and insouciant Places: –Dress shoesare categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather colloidal suspensions, and narrow sleek. Casual places are characterized by hardy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and broad profile.Work force ‘s Places: –Work force ‘s places can be categorized by how they are closed: O Plain-toes: have a sleek visual aspect and no excess ornaments on the coquette. O Cap-toes: has an excess bed of leather that â€Å" caps † the toe. This is perchance the most popular ornament.Women ‘s Places: –There is a big assortment of places available for adult females, in add-on to most of the work forces ‘s manners being more recognized as unisex. Some wide classs are: High-heeled footwearmay be shoes with heels 2 inches ( 5cm ) or higher. They are frequently seen as holding more sex entreaty than low heels ( see article for treatment ) and are therefore normally worn by adult females for formal occasions or societal excursions. Kitten heelsare low high heels from approximately 1.5 to 2 inches high, set in from the dorsum of the shoe. O Sneaker bootand gym shoe pump: a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, doing it a sort of freshness frock shoe. O Wedge Sandals are sandals but have the mortise joints higher as if have oning a high heels shoe. O Mulesare shoes or slippers with no suiting around the heel. O Slinging backsare places which are secured by a strap behind the heel, instead than over the top of the pes. O Espadrillesare insouciant flat or high-heeled manner sandals of a manner which originated in the Pyrenees. They normally have cotton or canvas upper and a flexible sole of rope or gum elastic.Sports places: –Work force ‘s and women'ssports shoesand particular map places frequently have less difference between the sexes than in frock places. In many instances these places can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends to be more on map than manner. O Runningshoes: really similar to above, with extra accent on padding. O Track spikes: lightweight ; frequently with plastic or metalcleats O Cleat ( shoe ) : a type of shoe having molded or removable he-mans. Normally worn while playing athleticss such asrugby, football, American football, or base ball. O Golfshoes: with â€Å" spikes † for better clasp in grass and moisture land. Originally the spikes or â€Å" cleats † were made of metal but replaceable â€Å" soft spikes † made of man-made plastic-like stuffs with prongs distributed radically around the border of each spike are much more common today ( and are required on many golf classs since they cause less harm to the leafy vegetables ) . O Bowlingshoes: intermediate manner between ordinary frock places and athletic places. They have harder gum elastic soles/heels so as non to damagebowlingalley floors. They are frequently rented or loaned at bowling back streets. O Climbing places: a shoe designed forrock mounting. They typically have a close tantrum, small if any cushioning, and a smooth gluey gum elastic sole with an drawn-out gum elastic rand. O Hikingshoes or boots: normally have a high slightly stiff upper with many lacing eyeholes, to supply ankle support on uneven terrain, with excess big grip on the sole. O Walkingshoes: have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, igniter in weight than the hike boot, may hold air holes, may non be H2O cogent evidence. O Cycling shoesare equipped with a metal or plastic cleat to interface withclipless pedals, every bit good as a stiff sole to maximise power transportation and back up the pes. O Snowshoesare particular places for walking in midst snow. In temperate climes, snowshoes are used for largely recreational intents in winter. O Wrestling shoesare visible radiation, flexible places that mimic bare pess while supplying extra grip and protection.Work Places: –Work places are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high grip. They are by and large made from hardy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used foruniformsor comfort bynurses, waitresses, constabulary, militarypersonnel, etc. They are normally used for protection in industrial scenes, building, excavation, and other workplaces. Protective characteristics may includesteel-tipped toesand colloidal suspensions orankleguards. ( Beginning: – hypertext transfer protocol: //www. www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/shoe )Industry overviewIndian Footwear IndustryLeather industry of India is the nucleus strength of the Indian footwear industry. It is the engine of growing for the full Indian leather industry and India is the 2nd largest planetary manufacturer of footwear after China. Reputed planetary trade names like Florsheim, Nunn Bush, Stacy Adams, Gabor, Clarks, Nike, Reebok, Ecco, Deichmann, Elefanten, St Michaels, Hasley, Salamander and Colehaan are manufactured under licence in India. Besides, many planetary retail ironss seeking quality merchandises at competitory monetary values are actively sourcing footwear from India. While leather places and uppers are produced in medium to large-scale units, the sandals and chappals are produced in the family and bungalow sector. The industry is poised for following the modern and state-of-the-art engineering to accommodate the demanding international demands and cr iterions. India produces more of gent ‘s footwear while the universe ‘s major production is in ladies footwear. In the instance of chapels and sandals, usage of non-leather stuff is prevailing in the domestic market. Leather footwear exported from India are frock places, casuals, mocassins, athletics places, horrachies, sandals, danseuses, boots. Non-leather footwear exported from India are Shoes, Sandals and Chappals made of gum elastic, plastic, P.V.C. and other stuffs. With altering life styles and increasing richness, domestic demand for footwear is projected to turn at a faster rate than has been seen. There are already many new domestic trade names of footwear and many foreign trade names such as Nike, Adidas, Puma, Reebok, Florsheim, Rockport, etc. have besides been able to come in the market. The footwear sector has matured from the degree of manual footwear fabricating methods to machine-controlled footwear fabricating systems. The Indian Footwear Industry is pi tching up to leverage its strengths towards maximising benefits. Strength of India in the footwear sector originates from its bid on dependable supply of resources in the signifier of natural fells and teguments, quality finished leather, big installed capacities for production of finished leather & A ; footwear, big human capital with expertness and engineering base, skilled work force and comparatively low cost labour, proved strength to bring forth footwear for planetary trade name leaders and acquired engineering competency, peculiarly for mid and high priced footwear sections. Resource strength of India in the signifier of stuffs and skilled work force is a comparative advantage for the state.Market size of Indian Footwear industry: –O The Indian footwear retail market is expected to turn at a CAGR of over 20 % for the period crossing from 2008 to 2011. O Footwear is expected to consist approximately 60 % of the entire leather exports by 2011 from over 38 % in 2006-07. O Soon, the Indian footwear market is dominated by Men ‘s footwear market that accounts for about 58 % of the entire Indian footwear retail market. O By merchandises, the Indian footwear market is dominated by insouciant footwear market that makes up for about two-third of the entire footwear retail market. O As footwear retailing in India remain focussed on work forces ‘s places, there exists a overplus of chances in the sole ladies ‘ and childs ‘ footwear section with no organized retailing concatenation holding a national presence in either of these classs. O The Indian footwear market tonss over other footwear markets as it gives benefits like low cost of production, abundant natural stuff, and has immense ingestion market. O The footwear constituent industry besides has tremendous chance for growing to provide to increasing production of footwear of assorted types, both for export and domestic market. ( Beginning: -http: //www.sfootwearsinfoline.tripod.com/ind_footwr_industry_overview.htm )Executive SummaryAlthough common aim of all IMC plan is increase trade name consciousness, sale and design a alone image of the merchandise in clients mind. To pass on among public and clients, we will publicize our merchandise run on Television, magazine, online. Through the advertizement we want to plan the trade name image of our merchandise into the client head. Besides advertisement, we will besides transport out promotional activity such as public relation, direct selling etc. Assorted places company besides organizes assorted events in order to pass on decently with clients, for illustration Reebok Brand had planned to establish an event called â€Å"Reebok Junnon† for their client â€Å"The Reebok hub† a multi trade name mercantile establishment for dress of places. The Main intent of this event was to increase the sale of Reebok places. Before planing IMC plan the Reebok C ompany carried out market research in order to justice clients behaviours toward their places. For research they design the scheme for â€Å"Reebok junnon† event. During the event they decided to acquire feedback from client who visits â€Å"The Reebok hub† so that appropriate primary informations can be collected for planing IMC scheme for â€Å"The Reebok hub† . Before planing incorporate selling communicating plan it is necessary to judge consumer ‘s behaviour toward the merchandise. It is necessary to cognize clients wishing and disliking, these informations provide assorted support during designing of IMC plan. Although there are assorted media available for pass oning but Printads in magazine and intelligence paper is seen most effectual medium in the instance of places be aftering scheme. After Research study done by assorted places company, it has been founded that male respondents were more trade name witting than female. There is no peculiar desi gn tendency in places among female, but males are more witting towards their manner tendencies. â€Å"Fitting† and â€Å"style† are the major properties considered by client while purchasing shoes.Our Shoes Company HUNKY which makes athleticss places has come up with a new IMC program for the new athletics places merchandise for the new part Bihar where the mark market in the section Bihar will be Patna, Hajipur and muzaffarpur. In this study, we will further present ourselves and how we got started, internal and external situational analysis of our company, and why a new IMC program is needed. HUNKY is a strong rival in the SHOES industry and it is concentrating on increasing the trade name equity and profitableness of companies focused on increasing their portion in the footwear market. Our mission is to do certain that our clients have the tools and information that they need to go successful in the footwear market. HUNKY Company is fundamentally made athletics plac es so, we have segmented the market as a athletics places among all places types. HUNKY Company is fundamentally made athletics places that are for all degree of people. The HUNKY company mark market for the athletics places that will be kid ‘s to up to 15 old ages, immature people and old people above 50 old ages. On the footing of this mark market we will do placement scheme and we will do IMC program that will assist us to increase market portion and established the HUNKY trade name in the market with regard to all rivals. We have looked at the strengths and failings of the Hunky Company every bit good as the chances and menaces and have included them in this IMC program. HUNKY Company will utilize all IMC tools which will be best suited for fluxing the message among the targeted people. We feel that Hunky would gain from doing an advanced and client oriented merchandise that will utilize by largely all degree of people. Not many companies are concentrating towards the olde r coevals of places, so we want Hunky to be one of the first companies to hold an all degree of client oriented athletics places that will utilize by all degree of people and this strategically message, we will present throughout in our IMC program.Selling programSituational analysisEvery organisation is confronting a batch of job at present clip in market analysis, so it became really necessary for every organisation that before puting any objective the organisation must be carried out state of affairs analysis in order to acknowledge strength, failing, chances and menace nowadays in the organisation. â€Å"According to Sally and John, selling programs are â€Å"the written papers or design for implementing and commanding an organisation ‘s selling activities related to a peculiar selling strategy† . A successful selling program is able to better organisations ‘ net incomes and growing, uses in nonsubjective scene and proctors consequences. So to derive a successful market program it is necessary to understand the current state of affairs comprehensively and trends impacting the hereafter of the organization.Situation analysis plays a critical function in developing marketing plan.First of all, it ‘s assist our company to take the dynamic selling environment in the places market that will assist to take the uncertainness, menaces and chances for sellers. Selling directors who success to cognize alterations in environment through state of affairs analysis can take their companies to capitalise on chances and header with menaces created by alterations. Then, consistently analysing situational environments in order to place our clients and understand their demands. There are certain chances for Shoes Company, such as addition more and more work forces and adult females design and advanced aggregation, addition market and market portion through integrated PR, advertizement and promotional run. Besides chances there is a batch of menace that create barrier for Shoes Company.These menaces are as follow:O Increasing competition in ethical design. O Ethical trade name is non taken earnestly by public. O High monetary value and trueness lessening trueness towards trade name.SWOT AnalysisSWOT analysis will assist me to place our company strength, failings, chance and menaces internally and externally both. Through this, we can easy place our HUNKY rivals in the market and one time we know the company failing and what sort of oppournity we have for the present and future chance so we can easy do cost effectual IMC program and strategic IMC program for the company. In SWOT analysis of the company, we have find the following that will assist to do more strategical and cost effectual IMC program:Strength: –O Easy handiness of low cost for all degree of people. O Massive institutional support for proficient services, planing, work force development and selling. O Exporter-friendly authorities policies for places industry. O Well-established linkages with purchasers in all parts of India.Failing: –O Lack of modern coating installations for leather. O Highly unhygienic environment. O Troubles in accessing to proving, planing and proficient services. O Environmental jobs. O Non handiness of quality footwear constituents in the market. O Lack of fresh investing in the sector. O Uneconomical size of fabricating units. O Weak support infra- construction for exports.Opportunity: –O The Indian footwear retail market is expected to turn at a CAGR of over 20 % for the period crossing from 2008 to 2011. O Footwear is expected to consist approximately 60 % of the entire leather exports by 2011 from over 38 % in 2006-07. O Soon, the Indian footwear market is dominated by Men ‘s footwear market that accounts for about 58 % of the entire Indian footwear retail market. O Abundant range to provide finished leather to multinationals puting up store in India. O Turning manner consciousness globally. O Use of information engineering and determination support package to assist extinguish the length of the production rhythm for different merchandises O Product variegation – There is batch of range for variegation into other merchandises, viz. , leather garments, goods etc. O Turning international and domestic markets. O Retain clients through quality supplies and timely bringings O Aim to show the client with new designs, substructure, and state & A ; company profiles. O Use of modern engineering O De-reservation of the footwear sector.Menace: –O Entry of multinationals in domestic market. O Stiff competition from other company. O Non- duty barriers – Developing states are fall backing to more and more non – duty barriers indirectly. O Fast altering manner tendencies are hard to accommodate for every clip for our company.Market and Consumer behaviour analysisIn Market analysis we must see about the market size of the places industry in India. It is necessary to place that who is the major rival of our places company HUNKY. On the footing of market analysis we can easy place our rivals in this field and after that we can easy aim our metameric market which is good for our new merchandise and what sort of positioning message should be for them and how IMC will be affected for those mark market can be easy identified. First of all we will see the market size of places industry: – O The Indian footwear retail market is expected to turn at a CAGR of over 20 % for the period crossing from 2008 to 2011. O Footwear is expected to consist approximately 60 % of the entire leather exports by 2011 from over 38 % in 2006-07. O Soon, the Indian footwear market is dominated by Men ‘s footwear market that accounts for about 58 % of the entire Indian footwear retail market. O Abundant range to provide finished leather to multinationals puting up store in India. On the footing of that determination we will make all market activities sing our IMC program. Our treatment on market and consumer behaviour will be strated to the undermentioned treatment of IMC program of places: – The major rivals in athletics places in Indian context of the HUNKY Company are Nike, Reebok, Action places, Puma and Bata places. Apart from this some local marketer of athletics places in today ‘s scenario gives more competition because even they are non branded places but they are supplying low monetary value places. So, to confront elephantine challenges from all these we are making our nucleus value of the company that is the athletics places for all degree of people that most of the major rivals do non hold. They all ( rivals ) largely targeted the younger coevals but HUNKY Company will aim all degree of people in the athletics places section with low-cost monetary value.Consumer Behavior analysisIn consumer behaviour analysis we have find from company selling research section that the consumer wants branded places but inexpensive monetary value. Consumer besides wants that the purchasing places can run in every environment and their societal self-importance personality b esides influenced to purchase a peculiar branded places. The consumer purchasing behaviour fundamentally influenced by assorted types of publishing ad in concern magazine and Television advertizement of athletics places through different different types of famous person. They besides influenced by Newspaper ad because the newspaper is read by most of the people today ‘s. So, on the footing of this determination we emphasized our IMC planning harmonizing to client pick. We will utilize those types of IMC tools for pass oning the message to the people that will outdo for the demand market.Competitive analysisThe major rivals in athletics places in Indian context of the HUNKY Company are Nike, Reebok, Action places, Puma and Bata places. They are the elephantine trade name in the athletics places section and they are the good established trade name. So to take a challenge in this section from these all we will make our company trade name value in the market through strong alignin g message and with differentiate a alone sell belongings that is places for all degree of people and this nucleus value of the HUNKY Company will be shown throughout in IMC program. Pricing factor will be besides a major factor to distinguish to all rivals from our company HUNKY. Apart from this some local marketer of athletics places in today ‘s scenario giving more competition because they are non branded places and they are supplying low monetary value places. So, to confront elephantine challenges from all we are making our nucleus value of the company that is the athletics places for all degree of people that most of the major rivals do non hold. They largely targeted the younger coevals but HUNKY Company will aim all degree of people in the athletics places section with low-cost monetary value.Marketing aimAfter state of affairs analysis we now able to cognize our organisation strength, failing, chances and menace nowadays in environment. It provides a batch of support i n scene of marketing aim. It ‘s provides a sense of way to the company that what has to done in farther selling program. O Increase market portion up to 20 % . O Increase sale by 50 % in 6 month from thelaunch of public run. O Create consciousness among mark audience. Use inordinate advertisement particularly utilizing media preferred by the mark market. O Create merchandise belonging and place among purchaser ‘s headSelling SchemeToachieve this aim we implement assorted schemes.Target market:* Sport places for: – Childs to up to 15 old ages Young people Older people above 50 old ages Gender: male and female bothMarketing Mix Schemes: –Merchandise: -The Main purpose of the Hunky Company is to bring forth high quality athletics places in assorted qualities for all degree of people. It is merely possible to capture the attending of the mark market. The name of our athletics places is Hunky. The company is supplying 2 old ages free serving on athletics places for the client for client satisfaction point of position. Monetary value: – The monetary value scope of the merchandise scope will be from Rs. 200 to 1500 100. The monetary value will be depended upon the client age and size of the merchandise. The company will besides supply price reduction offer and allowance for the channel members. Topographic point: – Thedistributionchannels for Hunky Company are as follows: – Your browser may non back up show of this image. MANUFACTURER ( COMPANY ) Your browser may non back up show of this image. WHOLESELLER Your browser may non back up show of this image. SHOES SEND TO RETAILERCustomerPromotion: -In a publicity portion of the merchandise we are traveling to establish IMC program for the mark market.Execution Tacticss* Launch a unsighted ad run on hoardings and magazines in all A category countries of major metropoliss and magazine with regard to aim market. * Heavy advertisement on Television, newspapers and magazines * Set shows of places in salesrooms and major trader mercantile establishments in all metropoliss. * Continue Advertising.Evaluate PerformanceThe Goal of our selling program is to accomplish market objective that are established before execution of selling program. We evaluate and command our strategic tactics by comparing our consequence with standard established before puting of program, by mensurating client satisfaction and trade name trueness. If consequence is less than our criterion than it means there is any default in execution and monitoring in the plan. The people who are responsible for the monitoring and control of the selling program will be the Marketing Executives, Gross saless Directors, Media Managers, Market Research Departments, and the Production Managers.Some activities will be carried out for measuring the overall public presentation that will be exactly and closely measuring the effectivity of the schemes and tactics for illustration the assemblage and structuring of informations sing market, merchandise, consumers and the pricing tendencies, so the coevals of day-to-day gross revenues study should be maintained and so in the terminal uninterrupted reconfirming of the selling budget and activities by the directors of different divisions.IMC aim and schemeIntegrated Selling Communications is a term used to depict a holistic attack to selling communicating. It aims to guarantee consistence of message and the complementary usage of media. The construct includes on-line and offline selling channels. Online selling channels include any e-marketing runs or plans, pay-per-click, affiliate, electronic mail, streamer to latest web related channels for webinar, web log, micro-blogging, RSS, cod dramatis personae, and Internet Television. Offline selling channels are traditional print ( newspaper, magazine ) , mail order, public dealingss, industry dealingss, hoarding, wireless, and telecasting. Hunky Company is developing its incorporate selling communicating programmes utilizing all the elements of the selling mix ( merchandise, monetary value , topographic point, and publicity So Incorporate selling communicating is integrating of all selling tools, attacks, and resources within a company which maximizes impact on consumer head and which consequences into maximal net income at minimal cost. Promotional activities include Advertising, gross revenues publicity, and personal merchandising activities. It besides includes cyberspace selling, sponsorship selling, direct selling, database selling and public dealingss and integrating of all these promotional tools along with other constituents of marketing mix to derive border over rival is called Integrated Marketing Communication.Situational analysisFirst of all we carried out state of affairs analysis in order to understand the job. In this we place our rivals and their scheme for illustration Reebok junnon event scheme for Reebok hub client.Then, consistently analysing situational environments in order to place our clients and understand their demands. There are certain chan ces for Shoes Company, such as addition more and more work forces and adult females design. In IMC situational analysis we analyze advanced aggregation, addition market and market portion through integrated PR, advertizement and promotional run. Besides chances there is a batch of menace that create barrier for Shoes Company. Under state of affairs analysis, we besides analyze fiscal place of company.IMC aimThe IMC aim of the HUNKY company is following: – * To Increase sale by 50 % in following six month. * To Increase trade name consciousness. * To Increase client trueness. * To Increase desire of client. * To Increase repetition purchase. * To mensurate client satisfaction. * To make relationship with client on personal degree. * To command and detect public sentiment. * To have feedback from client on regular footing.Problem and chanceAfter situational analysis we must happen the job sing IMC communicating related to the current market environment. In situational analysis we find that there is a deficiency of consciousness sing the cognition of quality of athletics places. Most of the people prefer merely branded athletics places whatever the quality belongs to that peculiar branded merchandise. The job besides belongs to the people attitude towards the new establishing merchandise that is my company HUNKY. Our company Hunky when traveling to be launch new places merchandise into the market so the attitude of people towards our merchandise may non be trustworthy because several places company successful established in to the market and among them we have to make Hunky trade name positioning into the market. So we must see all these things before establishing IMC tools towards our merchandise. We will hold to besides care about the distribution cha nnel of Hunky Company and besides about the selling mix communicating. Opportunity in the footings of the handiness of merchandise into the market and distinguishing nature of merchandise sing rivals. In Hunky we are making the nucleus value of our merchandise that is places for all degree of people with low-cost monetary value that most of our rivals do non hold. We will besides persuate sing new adding characteristic with latest engineering among people in to the market.Communication aimThe Hunky communicating aim is to accomplish all selling aim which are prescribed in selling program through strong aligning message. As a Hunky company IMC contriver our communicating aim is to make consciousness among the people sing our merchandise. Our communicating aim is to give the proficient cognition and competitory benefit about our merchandise to the mark market. For this by the aid of IMC program we create the trade name image of our merchandise and differentiate characteristic of our merchandise into the head of client. Our placement message for our merchandise will be the followers: – Be One Step Ahead in Fashion and quality with HUNKY By the aid of this strategic aligning message we will make our trade name value among all rivals.BudgetThe companies IMC budget will be depend upon the entire aim which is to be achieved in a entire fiscal twelvemonth. In Hunky Company, IMC budget is 80 crore for the fiscal twelvemonth 2009-10. In this sum we will capture our mark market through assorted types of IMC tools through the strong placement message.IMC schemeTarget audience: – The Hunky company mark market for the places merchandise is childs to up to 15 old ages, immature people and old people above 50 old ages. Now for this through IMC tools we target the audience who will be responsible to purchase Hunky merchandise for their households. For childs section our mark audience will be the female parent, for immature people our mark audience will be their married womans or their common friends, for old people our mark audience will be their boies or their households. So we have to flux our strategical planning throug h IMC tools with regard to the mark audience of our merchandise.IMC tools usedWe will utilize undermentioned tools for capturing the mark audience with regard to the mark market: – O ADVERTISEMENT ( BUDGET- 30 CRORE ) O SALES PROMOTION ( BUDGET-20 CRORE ) O PUBLIC RELATION ( BUDGET-10 CRORE ) O DIRECT MARKETING ( BUDGET-10 CRORE ) O MEDIA PLANNING ( BUDGET- 10 CRORE ) The operational scheme of above all using IMC tools for the HUNKY places company is following: –AdIn advertisement portion we will use Rs. 30 crore. The chief aim of the advertizement of the Hunky company will be the followers: – O To increase trade name consciousness. O To inform to the mark market about our merchandise. O To carry about the Hunky places to the mark market with regard to monetary value and quality and with our positioning message. Monetary value Scope: – Rs.200 TO 1500 ONLY VISIT NEAREST SHOWROOM IN YOUR CITYAd Scheme: –We will develop an Ad Scheme to accomplish the aims of a run that requires the consideration to be given to both the ‘Message ‘ which will be communicated and the ‘Media ‘ through which it will be sent.Ad MessageWe are seeking to be originative, inventive and advanced in developing the advertisement message, both in footings of what is said, and how it is said? What is said by the Hunky company: – We will utilize here the ‘Big Idea ‘ and will usually turn to the cardinal benefits sought by the mark audience, actuating the audience to pay attending. Given the changeless hunt for new ways to appeal to aim audiences.For illustration:Honky trade name Places: Keep it Simple. Manner is nil without quality. In this massage we are seeking to pull attending of the mark audience that without quality manner is zero. How the company will state it: – During bringing of advertisement massage in client head we will take the personality symbol, lifestyle and musical as consideration. The advertizement will be to advance positive feelings of merriment, contentment, and felicity. Choosing Ad Media: – In add-on to make up one's minding upon the content, manner and tone of the advertisement message, the media through which the message will be communicated to the mark audience must besides be selected. For the athletics places advertisement we will choose media such as Television, Magazine, Newspaper and Outdoor.Television ad will supply me following benefit: –O Dynamic attending of the people, uniting ocular consequence, sound and alive stimulation. O Strong possible Impact & A ; High market coverage on our mark market.Newspapers: –From this media we will make the followers: – O Capturing the market through aiming the profiling readership.Magazines: –From this media we will make: – O High quality reproduction, of colour images O Targeting through their specializer publications O Good base on balls on readershipOutdoor: –O Hoarding O Shop Boards O Railway station and AirportGross saless PROMOTIONIn Gross saless publicity we will supply assorted consumers and trade promotional tool such as discount, price reduction, gift, competition, vouchers, monetary value trade, competition game, trying to the mark market to increase sale of Hunky places. There are certain aims of the Hunky places gross revenues publicity. O To increase immediate merchandise sale O To increase support among the seller ‘s gross revenues force. O To derive the support of the trade in marketing the merchandisePromotion Schemes: –By the aid of Promotional scheme we will seek, to alter consumers ‘ purchasing behaviour, to increase trade name image, to increase net income, to increase sale of our merchandise. We will use two sort of sale publicity, one is directed toward consumer and other one is directed toward trade such as trader, provider, retail merchant etc.Consumer sale publicity tool: –We will use following promotional tools addition sale. Monetary value trade: -Price trade is impermanent decrease in monetary value of merchandise. We will supply two type of monetary value trade: cents-off trades and price-pack trades. Price trade will be is given at assorted times to excite purchase of Shoes. Coupon: – A voucher is typically a printed certification giving the carrier a declared monetary value decrease or particular value on a specific merchandise, by and large for a specific period. In this we will supply assorted sorts of voucher that contain assorted price reduction monetary values so that client gets the advantage of this price reduction and purchase places at low monetary value. Offer: In this we offer that those Customers who buy places will have a free Jersey. The offer will be depending upon season to season. The run will be marketed with print and Television ads, and will have Television commercials with instrumentalists singing screens of their favourite vocal. The company will be offering those gathered screens in a Cadmium at retail locations for clients who make a more than 10 places. Premium: We will supply offer of some gift or at bargain monetary value to promote client purchasing. Ad Fortes: -Advertising fortes besides call a promotional merchandise. It will be largely given to our loyal clients. It includes assorted cards like birthday card, New Year card. It will be largely done to retain the old client. Trade sale publicity tool: – Aims of Trade Gross saless Promotion of the Hunky company will be: – O Gain/maintain distribution O Influence resellers to advance merchandise O Influence resellers to offer monetary value price reduction O Increase reseller stock list O Defend against rivals O Avoid decrease of normal monetary values There are assorted sale publicity tools which apply by the Hunky places that stimulate trade to advance company merchandise.Trade Allowances: –In this we will supply short-run particular allowances, price reductions, or trades granted to resellers to excite reseller to rapid purchase of their merchandise.Point-of-Purchase Display: –In this we are by and large used at the retail degree to name client attending to a featured merchandise. In this company employees observe every retail store and that show more company merchandise will be victor of particular gift or award.Trade Shows: –In this the company will take part in trade show in periodic, semi periodic public event at which provider displays the Honky places and provides information about the company shoes quality and monetary value to possible purchaser.Public relationPublic relation is nil but making a favourable relation for organisation and merchandise which is done through used of assorted communicating channel and tool. So public relation is largely done to better the image of company and construct good image in clients mind. The chief aim of the Hunky company sing public relation will be the followers: – O Building Product Awareness: – We will make PR component that generates consumer attending and consciousness through media arrangements and particular events. O Making Interest: in this Public Relation make public involvement to utilize the merchandise at least for one time clip to the mark market. O Supplying Information: -Through the Public relation we can supply a batch of information about company activity and their merchandise characteristic and service provided by company. This information is delivered to public through newspaper, article web site, and indirect stuff. PR helps in presenting information that helps to public in understanding the merchandise characteristic. O Stimulating Demand: -A positive article in a newspaper, on Television, intelligence show or mentioned on the Internet, frequently consequences in a discernible addition in merchandise gross revenues. O Reinforcing the Brand: -We will besides make trade name support by keeping positive relationships with cardinal audiences, and thereby helping in constructing a strong image.Direct SellingBy the aid of direct selling Honky Company straight touch with clients through mail order, telephone, facsimile, e-mails, or web merchandising, instead than through retail merchants. The chief aim of the Hunky company to make the direct selling will be the followers: – O To ageless trueness of clients. O To keep direct touch with the client O To keep regular relation to the client with regard to our clientScheme: –We will implement the undermentioned scheme in direct selling: – O We will direct a mail-order catalog to about prospective clients. O 100-page catalog, developed in-house, marks both work forces and adult females and besides contains 10 pages devoted to place merchandises. O We will use assorted tools for this: -Direct mail, Telemarketing, Email Marketing, faxing, Voicemail, Couponing, Direct response telecasting selling.Media PlanningPrint ads will be run in monthly concern and societal magazine publications. Ads will besides look in non-traditional manner locales as Parenting and home-decor publication Domino. We will utilize the undermentioned tools for this: – O Media used: -TV, imperativeness, outdoor, sponsorship, online O Agencies: Bharat ad bureau Poster Publicity, O Media thought: Hit the mark audience of childs to up to 15 old ages, immature people and old people above 50 old ages.Evaluation of IMC planning procedureEvaluation of IMC planning of HUNKY places is necessary because: – ( 1 ) The cost of advertisement and communicating gyrating twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours so it is necessary to happen out if the investing in IMC program of the HUNKY SHOES is bring forthing any return or merely traveling down the drain. ( 2 ) As a IMC contriver we can easy measure assorted communicating options such as alternate message, IMC tools, media and vehicle and take the most effectual 1s. ( 3 ) It will supply complete feedback sing the public presentation of assorted strategic options and supply a footing for future planning. ( 4 ) Evaluation will increase the effectivity of marketing communicating by extinguishing unproductive options and adding productive options. ( 5 ) Evaluation will supply me the complete sing our entire IMC budget disbursal that the budget is expense in the right manner or non. ( 6 ) It helps to judge the behavioural consequence of the mark market. ( 7 ) It will assist to judge the communicating oriented consequence of the mark market. ( 8 ) It will assist to apportion as a guider about the new mark market for farther new execution of IMC program Finally at last we will add few words with it that this IMC program for HUNKY places company is for the fiscal twelvemonth 2009-10 is prepared by me by taking the new bing company of my ain and non copied from any other beginnings. Prepared by ( ASHUTOSH RANJAN 10804580 ) . Thank you to all for co-operation in showing my IMC program in forepart of my well-thought-of sir Mr. Navjit singh and makes the session successful.

How to Inspire Creativity with Technology of Provocation Essays

How to Inspire Creativity with Technology of Provocation Essays How to Inspire Creativity with Technology of Provocation Essay How to Inspire Creativity with Technology of Provocation Essay The technique seeks provocation think things differently, opening the mind to analyze situations from another point of view, and thus find creative solutions. Provocation Technique to Develop Creativity The creativity is a wild beast unlimited, however, often is imprisoned. We all are all creative, and we can all be more every day. You only need to train so that when released, we help find alternatives to solve problems or work on any topic forms. Creativity can be fostered and developed by numerous techniques, including the techniques of provocation . This is to give a boost to this beast, to lead it by a certain path and put it into action. Learn how to develop, to expand our creativity in an entertaining way. What is the art of provocation? The technique of provocation is part of the masterpiece by Edward De Bono, considered the father of lateral thinking. It is based on escape preconceived thought patterns and structured, to find alternative paths to a topic put on trial. These thought patterns are based on those concepts that we take for granted, we take as normal and standardized rules: this is what it is. Do we stop to observe and to question this concept, taken as fixed as a wall. The lack of a creative and less structured analysis is conditioning us not to get out of that thought pattern. And that’s when we apply the provocation which forces us and pushes another way of thinking on that particular topic. The structured thinking There are things we take for granted without even questioning it, in a pattern of thought and preconceived perception. For example, drugs cure, clothing shelter, fire warms. Not that these data are incorrect, but fail to analyze the knowledge of these accurate data: knowing that fire oven warms, we think of the oven as the medium baking food, and nothing more. We can find an everyday example in alternative cleaning products. We know that baking soda is used to make baked fluffy and airy, but with a little attention now also know of its versatile uses in cleaning and renovation of all types of surfaces, including fabrics and upholstery. How is the art of provocation The technique of provocation to encourage creativity works on a particular topic, a problem, a search for new ideas, for creative focus for your workout. The first step in the analysis in question is to determine what fact, data or circumstance are taking for granted. Scan the item or the item as if it were the first time you saw in your life. For example: you think of ideas to improve the user experience on the school bus you drive. Analyze what concepts you’re assuming, without question: the bus takes the children, runs on gasoline, follows a certain path, has ordered seats, has windows on its sides, parents hire you to bring your children to school. Now, take one of these concepts, only one, and generates provocation to renew, to give a new stimulus to thought pattern fostering creativity. For example: parents hire you to take the kids. Provocation (indicated with the word PO) would be: â€Å"PO† I hire parents to let me take their children. From there, follow the ideas, thinking freely and creatively, writing down everything you will happening: I hire children, I pay them for uploading to my bus †¦ I give the children candy when climbing my bus. You have reached a conclusion applies in real life, related to your search for improved user experience small. Example to apply the techniques of provocation Creative Focus: I seek new ideas for a new restaurant. Preconceptions : the restaurant people come, begging for food from a set menu, eat, pay and go. PO: the restaurant go find people, which is a mobile restaurant, the restaurant will house people; the menu is determined by diners without limits, that people bring their own ingredients and recipes, the restaurant count with a lucky market at the entrance where people choose their ingredients; who are the servants who eat the food, a family prepares or choose the family dinner on your right; the restaurant to pay people to go, people to pay serving as a waiter before eating †¦ No absurd ideas, you should write them all, but prove humorous or unrealistic, first the write down, and then analyze them one by one, working them until they become possible solutions or ideas that gesten new concepts to encourage creativity .